Tuesday 13 October 2009

GPS coordinates digit precision

Since Earth equatorial circumference is around 40000 km and longitude spans 360 degrees, it follows that near the equator 1 degrees is equivalent to about 110 km.

Thus:
0 digit precision: ±110 km
1 digit precision: ±11 km
2 digit precision: ±1.1 km
3 digit precision: ±110 m
4 digit precision: ±11 m
5 digit precision: ±1.1 m
6 digit precision: ±11 cm
7 digit precision: ±1.1 cm
However, the closer you move to the Poles, the smaller the lenghts of the parallels becomes.
For example near Rome, which has a latitude of 42 degrees 1 degree is equivalent to cos(90-42)*110= 74 km.

Thus:
0 digit precision: ±74 km
1 digit precision: ±7.4 km
2 digit precision: ±0.74 km
3 digit precision: ±74 m
4 digit precision: ±7.4 m
5 digit precision: ±0.74 m
6 digit precision: ±7.4 cm
7 digit precision: ±0.74 cm